Static imbalance produces a single heavy-spot effect; dynamic imbalance includes unequal mass between inner and outer planes that can create a rocking couple.
A wheel can be statically balanced but dynamically imbalanced.
Wide wheels make plane separation more important.
Single-plane modes suit only specific wheel conditions.
The selected mode must match actual weight locations.
Static imbalance
Static imbalance acts like one heavy spot and can create a vertical hop. A single correction plane can reduce it on narrow wheels or when only one plane is allowed.
Dynamic imbalance
Different mass distribution on the inner and outer sides creates a couple. The assembly may wobble even when total static imbalance is low.
Selecting the mode
Steel wheels often use two flange weights. Alloy wheels may use adhesive planes behind spokes. The machine mode must reflect where the weights will actually be installed.
Diagnostic reference
| Finding | Possible meaning | Next check |
|---|---|---|
| Static result is zero but shimmy remains | Dynamic couple remains | Use two-plane mode |
| Residual after adhesive placement | Wrong plane or dimensions | Remeasure locations |
| Wide wheel in static mode | Incomplete correction | Use dynamic mode |
Workshop procedure
- Identify permitted weight locations.
- Select the matching mode.
- Measure both planes.
- Install weights at exact angles.
- Verify both planes.
Frequently asked questions
Can adhesive weights provide dynamic correction?
Yes, when used in two accurately measured planes.
Why can static balance still vibrate?
It may leave a couple between inner and outer planes.
Do wider wheels always need more weight?
No, but they are more sensitive to plane separation.
Technical review edition · Published 17 July 2026.